Campus automatic leaf sweeping robot

Most robotic vacuum cleaners on the market are designed for indoor, flat surfaces, primarily for removing dust, hair, and small debris. However, these robots are less adaptable to outdoor asphalt roads or sidewalks. When encountering larger or thicker debris, such as leaves, crumpled paper, or piles exceeding approximately 2 cm in height, they often fail to clean effectively, and may even get stuck or reduce cleaning efficiency. Furthermore, their suction power and structural design are unsuitable for handling damp or heavy fallen leaves, thus significantly limiting their outdoor applications.

This research proposes an “Automatic Leaf-Sweeping Robot” developed using a Makeblock MakeX aluminum alloy structure and a MegaPi controller. Combined with a tracked chassis, it enhances outdoor mobility, enabling it to adapt to uneven surfaces and school environments. The front-end design integrates a roller brush module to collect large quantities of fallen leaves into a collection system, which, along with a conveyor mechanism, automatically delivers the debris to a rear trash can, improving continuous operation efficiency. Ultrasonic and obstacle avoidance sensing modules are also incorporated, allowing the robot to autonomously determine its path and avoid obstacles, achieving semi-autonomous or fully autonomous cleaning functions. This system is particularly suitable for campus trails, parks, and areas with dense street trees, effectively reducing the frequency of manual cleaning and improving environmental maintenance efficiency.